Roses - planting and care in the open field for beginners
Content:
Looking at the queen of flowers, inhaling the wonderful scent of petals, every gardener thinks about growing roses in his personal plot. But beginners are stopped by the perceived difficulties in caring for roses in the open field. And in vain. Many varieties have been developed that delight with their beauty and aroma, resistance to pests and diseases, requiring simple care, which is available to a beginner.
Planting and caring for roses for beginners
Choosing the right variety for a specific area will make it easier to care for seedlings in the open field.
Which variety to choose depending on the region
Varieties of roses differ in type and method of cultivation. But not all are suitable for a particular climatic zone. This should not be forgotten when growing outdoors.
Amadeus variety
In Central Russia, the climate is suitable for growing roses. Therefore, there are many recommended varieties. Among them are climbing rose Amadeus, shrub rose Charles Austin, unpretentious winter-hardy varieties of Florentina and Leonardo da Vinci, standard (tree-like) varieties of Geisha, Princess of Monaco.
Recommended hybrid tea varieties: Barbara, Omazh, Gloria Dei, Aphrodite, Ingrid Bergman and similar floribunda rose. Among the park roses, the most popular are the Queen of the North, Golden Wings, Agnes and Hansa.
Hybrid tea variety
In the Ural region, the climate is unstable. Varieties are selected that can withstand both heat and cold. These are the following options for climbing roses: New Dawn, Western Rosary, Golden Celebration. The varieties recommended specifically for the Urals are the winter-hardy spreading bush Flamentants, the climbing rose Super Excels.
The catalog of roses for home growing is rather big. It remains to make the right choice.
How to choose a rose variety
It depends on the choice of the variety whether the plants in the region will bloom, so it is better for young gardeners to listen to the advice of professionals.
Where to get seedlings
Garden shops sell three types of seedlings: open or closed root and container. Landing is required immediately after purchase. Otherwise, the seedlings are kept for 2-3 days in a bucket of water, then the roots are wrapped with foil and the planting material is left in the basement or cellar. But even in this case, the landing is not delayed.
Rose seedlings purchased from a specialized flower shop
Buying ready-made seedlings, how to choose the right one
The choice of seedlings is a crucial step on which the future type of roses depends.
What should be the appearance of a healthy seedling:
- green strong and resilient stems and shoots, bark without breaks and folds, rot;
- large healthy and well-developed kidneys;
- the root system is free of rot and fractures, the earthy lump is moist;
- leaves without damage and spots, they are rich green on both sides.
Each seedling must have a label, which indicates information about the product. They are studying it carefully. She will talk about the seedling variety, immunity, resistance to cold, disease and decorative characteristics. This is ADR marking.
Growing seedlings yourself
At home, seedlings are obtained from seeds and cuttings.
Seeds are purchased at a specialized flower shop or collected independently from a faded plant of your choice. It is better to collect unripe fruits and plant them. The germination of immature seeds is increased.
Seasoned gardeners love the method of cuttings and consider autumn to be the right time for this. Autumn petioles root better and are easier to pick up when pruning. Roses grown in this way adapt well to living conditions, soil, frost and summer drought.
Step-by-step planting procedure for beginners
If the roses are chosen correctly, planting and care in the open field for beginners will not be difficult. But it is imperative to adhere to a certain order of actions.
Choosing a suitable location depending on the type of rose bush
Roses prefer sunlight during the day, but direct sunlight negatively affects flowering. Flowers become faded and wither quickly, so partial shade is chosen. The recommended planting site is along the fence, as well as near low garden trees.
Soil preparation
Each selected variety needs soft, loose and fertile soil with an acidity level not higher than 6–6.5. Neutralize the soil with wood ash or lime. Alkaline soil is acidified with peat, moss, organic matter.
The soil must pass water and air well. It is better to choose loamy soil. Clay soil is enriched with humus, peat, compost, sand. Peat and turf are added to the loose.
Planting a seedling
A hole is dug with a diameter of 0.6 m and a depth of 0.4 m. In such a hole, the root of the seedling will fit.
Fertile soil: peat, humus, sod land in equal volumes. Superphosphate and ash or potassium sulfate are added. The hole is filled with drainage, then half of the prepared mixture, watered abundantly with water. The hole is covered with foil and waited for 2 weeks. Then open the hole and start planting.
Landing Algorithm:
- Part of the soil is removed from the hole.
- A mound is made in the center, on the top of which a seedling is placed so that the root collar is flush with the edge of the fossa or slightly lower.
- The roots are straightened.
- Sprinkle with earth, then water the plant, spending a bucket of water on the bush.
- Pour the rest of the earth, then tamp the soil with your hands.
- Around the bush, a roller of earth is formed with a height of 8 cm.
- The resulting trunk circle is mulched with humus.
Planting a rose seedling in open ground
If, during the first watering, the root collar sags, do not worry. This is normal when it deepens by 3-5 cm.
How to care for roses in the country
Watering the seedling after planting is carried out as the soil dries up, approximately once a week. In hot weather, water more often.
Top dressing of a young bush
Caring for roses in the spring in the country in an open area includes top dressing. The first time they are fed before the buds are laid. Use calcium nitrate at the rate of 1.5 tbsp. spoons in a bucket of water.During the period of active growth, they use liquid mullein infusion, mineral supplements, and herbal infusions. Fertilize once a week.
Do I need to prune young bushes in the first year
In the first summer after planting, they are engaged in the formation of a bush. Trimming and pinching are carried out. Not all roses are highly corrective. Park and climbing roses should form strong shoots at this time, where there will be flowers next summer. Other varieties are corrected strenuously. But pruning and pinching ends by the end of May.
How to prepare a shrub for the first winter
The first winter is dangerous for rose bushes, so preparation is carried out carefully. At the end of August, they refuse to irrigate, make phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. At the end of September, the roots are insulated with snow, fallen leaves, and earth. The height of the post should be 20 cm.
Warming a rose bush for the winter
In a slight frost (-5 ° C), the bushes do not cover. This temperature hardens the rose. At lower thermometer readings, a frame is pulled over the bushes, on which a heater is placed.
Caring for roses after winter step by step:
- Freeing the rose from the winter shelter.
- Pruning and cleaning roses from rot, frozen shoots.
- Creation of a greenhouse effect (cover the peeled rose with a jar) for the final awakening. The opening of the greenhouse is not limited in time.
How to care for roses in spring:
- watering. In the spring, when the air humidity is high or moderate, and the earth is not overheated, roses are watered with warm, settled water abundantly, but infrequently. Watered more later. The right time for watering is morning and evening. During this period, spraying is possible, to which roses respond well;
- top dressing. In the spring, the seedlings do not have enough potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, therefore organic, mineral or complex compositions are introduced.
The soil is pre-moistened, then 30 g of a mixture of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, taken in equal volumes, are added to 1 m².
Cleaning a rose after wintering
Disease protection and pest control
Many varieties of roses are not afraid of diseases and pests due to strong immunity, but the risk still remains.
Among the diseases of roses, the following types are dangerous: powdery mildew, black spot, rust and pests: aphids and spider mites. If the problem is not resolved in time, they can destroy the plant.
Diseases and pests
Cultivation of roses on the site is available to every beginner. The main thing is the correct choice of planting time, the optimal seedling variety for the region and the fulfillment of agricultural conditions. And then the site will delight for many years with unique colors and aroma.
