Spring pruning for beginners - how to trim
Content:
Pruning roses in spring for novice florists often ends with the death of the rose garden. Newbies who do not consider it necessary to familiarize themselves with the rules for pruning rose bushes are very harmful to crops. The lack of proper grooming measures leads to the fact that the rose bush will quickly degenerate into a rose hip.
Why prune roses in spring
Regular pruning, carried out at least twice a year, is the best way to form a beautiful crown, give an impetus to active development, increase the winter hardiness of roses and provide them with a long life and full seasonal flowering.
Blooming rose bush
An unkempt plant is weakened, which means it is exposed to garden pests and viruses, and gives small and frail flowers during the fruiting period.
Types of rose pruning
Experienced growers recommend pruning rose bushes several times a year for several reasons:
- for the sake of giving the bushes a beautiful shape;
- in order to make the plant bloom for a long time and profusely;
- to prolong the life of roses and make them healthy.
There are several types of trimming.
Formative
It is carried out immediately after disembarkation in open ground and in the first summer of life. If the rose bushes are planted in spring, do not delay the formation of a bush and start this procedure immediately: a symmetrically trimmed bush will develop better.
When transplanting an adult rose from one place to another, too long branches are shortened, leaving several buds on each. In this case, pruning is carried out in order to balance the rhizome and the aerial part of the plant, and give young shoots the opportunity to grow and get stronger.
Sanitary
The first sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, immediately after wintering, when the shelter was removed from the roses. The goal is to remove dried, frozen, broken and diseased twigs. As a result, only living branches remain on the rosebush.
Sanitary pruning of roses
As part of the autumn sanitary pruning, young shoots are removed that will not have time to form during the fall, and therefore are unlikely to be able to survive the winter.
Pruning of roses in summer is carried out as needed - they free the rose bush from broken, diseased and dried branches. If roses are grafted, the florist must regularly free them from rose hips throughout the year.
Thinning pruning
Rose is a plant that actively reproduces by shoots. Carrying out thinning pruning is necessary to increase the aesthetic effect and plant health. If the bush is not thinned out, sunlight and air currents will not be able to penetrate the thickets and the plant will turn into a breeding ground for garden pests and infections.
Anti-aging pruning
Over time, the rose bush practically stops growing and blooms worse, however, it is still annually covered with young, but now useless shoots.The older the bush, the more difficult it is for it to supply the young growth with everything it needs - energy and minerals.
To provide flowers with a long and blooming life, the bushes are systematically rejuvenated - old branches are removed at the root or to the places of germination of young shoots. Most gardeners consider it necessary to cut off the shoots that have reached the age of four. Rejuvenating pruning is carried out immediately after sanitary - in early spring.
What tools will be needed
The main tool used for pruning any type of plant is called a pruner. It works on the principle of scissors, although it is somewhat different from them. The main elements of the pruner are two sharp blades, thanks to which the pruner, unlike scissors, does not flatten or crush the stems, does not spoil the bark.
The pruner is the main tool for pruning roses
Experienced growers prune roses using a separate tool designed only for this type of plant. The pruner is periodically disinfected and the blades are sharpened. Store by treating with grease.
In addition to the pruner, you will need a lopper and a saw. Through the first, thick branches are removed, and the second is used to get rid of old shoots that the lopper cannot handle.
Pruning roses in spring for beginners schemes with a detailed description
Shoots are cut at an angle of 43 °, retreating half a centimeter from the outer bud. It is unacceptable to cut the plant obliquely, directing the tool to the bud - this can lead to rotting of the latter.
By making a cut on the outer bud, the grower will form a vase-shaped bush and make the young branches grow along the outer edge of the bush without growing inward. A cross cut is unacceptable, since as a result, the trunk will dry out and turn into a stump, which will later be chosen by pests and infectious diseases characteristic of roses
Schemes with step-by-step descriptions depending on the type of roses
Sanitary pruning in early spring is shown to absolutely all types of roses. Florists examine the bushes freed from shelters, removing damaged parts of the branches. Pruning after a cold and little snow winter is especially relevant.
Tea-hybrid
If a hybrid tea rose is pruned in the fall, spring sanitary and anti-aging pruning is a must. Experienced growers cut hybrid tea roses only in early spring, leaving 5 stems of 40 cm in height on each bush. In the first year of flowering, the stems are shortened by 20 centimeters.
Do you need to prune roses in summer? In the summer months, plants that have not reached a year and are actively developing in height are pinched over the 3rd or 4th leaf, and the first buds are removed to allow lateral shoots to develop and achieve a symmetrical crown.
Pruning Hybrid Tea Roses Ensures Lush Bloom
In August, the pruning of buds is stopped so that the plant gives all its energy to the flowers, depriving "attention" of the formed young shoots, which still will not have time to form during the autumn months.
How to trim floribunda roses
Old stems, as well as those that have reached 3 years of age, are cut in a ring. All the rest are one third of the length. Old shoots bloom earlier than recently regrown ones, so with the right approach (the number of old and new shoots should be about the same), you can make the floribunda bloom all season.
Spray roses
In early spring, pruning is done immediately after the roses are freed from shelter.In the course of sanitary pruning, the florist gets rid of frozen and diseased shoots. Annual branches are cut to the 6th bud, and one-year-olds and more adults - to the 3rd.
In the summer, trunks affected by diseases and growing inside the rose bush, as well as damaged branches and buds, are cut off.
In the course of autumn pruning, weak, young and ingrown shoots are removed.
Polyanthus
The main pruning is scheduled for April. First of all, they get rid of dead, weak and branched shoots that shade the central part of the rose bush. The strong stems are cut by a third.
During the October pruning, broken and weakened twigs, as well as dried inflorescences, are removed.
Climbing
Residents of the southern regions cut the branches of the once-blooming roses in a circular manner, and they do this immediately after the end of the flowering period. Otherwise, young shoots will not have time to grow and bloom next year.
Roses planted in the northern regions are pruned before hiding for the winter.
Climbing rose pruning scheme
Miniature
For this type, sanitary and formative trims are mandatory. As a result, the grower will receive a beautiful, compact bush, strewn with flowers from top to bottom. Also, do not refrain from pruning in the fall - if the rose bush is not pruned for the winter, it will bloom later in the spring.
In the summer, roses are pruned to a minimum. During circumcision, they get rid of:
- from wilted flowers;
- from too long young shoots;
- from yellowed and dried foliage.
Unviable stems with withered flowers are cut to a maximum of 5 centimeters. If the bush is so overgrown that it has lost its attractive shape, deeper pruning is allowed. As a result, the buds open faster and bloom earlier than expected.
Many growers purchase already grown bushes of miniature varieties of roses in pots. Before planting in open ground, they are trimmed to a maximum height of 15 centimeters. Ideally, 3 buds should remain on each shoot. It is advisable that the pruning is done in mid-March.
Pruning potted roses
A purchased seedling grown in a house in a pot is trimmed like a home rose - without regret, cut off the rotten rhizome, and the buds, and even flowers.
One-year-old home roses are pruned according to the following scheme:
- Get rid of underdeveloped, small and intertwined branches.
- Cut out strong stems so that one bush contains a maximum of 5 shoots with 5 eyes.
- Get rid of thin twigs hanging along the edges, as well as "blind" shoots and those that have grown inside the bush.
Pruning grandiflor roses
Roses of this variety are pruned periodically when the bush grows so much that it loses its shape. Experienced growers cut the first flowers in order to increase the number of new shoots and foliage.
Groundcover
The first pruning is carried out before planting a young plant in open ground. First of all, they get rid of too long and damaged areas of the rhizome, as well as weakened and diseased lateral shoots.
Autumn Ground Cover Rose Pruning
In autumn, at the end of the first growing season, get rid of all flowering branches. Only healthy and strong root shoots that have appeared this year are left.
Do I need to remove faded rose buds
Removing the faded flowers is necessary for the rose bush to receive the inner strength necessary to extend the flowering period. After pruning, new buds form, absorbing the energy saved by pruning faded flowers.
Spring (main) pruning is especially important. It is produced before the start of sap flow. First, the gardener removes dry, frostbitten and sore areas of the stems, and then proceeds to the main pruning and crown formation. During the main pruning, old and newly planted plants are pruned to the third bud.Adult rose bushes are recommended to be trimmed two-thirds of their length.
